feat: 用户级偏好配置与外观设置，枚举统一抽取与账单类型后端下发

- 新增用户偏好表 t_user_preference 与进程内缓存，账单来源统计默认值由全局改为按用户存储（/api/setting）
- 新增外观设置：不计入统计记录支持删除线与灰色标签两种展示样式
- 抽取 ChannelType / TransactionType / StatisticsScope 枚举，替换各处硬编码的渠道、类型与统计口径
- BillType 内聚各来源扩展名，新增 /transaction/import/types 接口，前端改为按后端下发渲染
- 仪表盘趋势图支持点击柱子跳转收支记录并带入筛选条件
- 布局内容区按路由记忆滚动位置；已登录访问登录/注册页自动跳转

frontend/src/views/EmailBillManage.vue

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import type {
   EmailBillSenderRulePayload,
 } from '../api/emailBill'
 import type { ParsedBillRow, BillType, BillImportItem } from '../api/transaction'
+import { getBillTypes } from '../api/transaction'
+import type { BillTypeOption } from '../api/transaction'
 import { getCategoryList } from '../api/category'
 import { getTagList } from '../api/tag'
 import { renderCategoryLabel } from '../utils/render'
@@ -44,13 +46,25 @@ const EMAIL_BILL_TAB_KEY = 'emailBill.tab'
 const activeTab = ref<string>((route.params.tab as string) || 'configs')
 
 // ===== 公共选项 =====
-const billTypeOptions = computed(() => [
-  { label: t('import.billTypeALIPAY'), value: 'ALIPAY' },
-  { label: t('import.billTypeWECHAT'), value: 'WECHAT' },
-  { label: t('import.billTypeMEITUAN'), value: 'MEITUAN' },
-  { label: t('import.billTypeCMB'), value: 'CMB' },
-  { label: t('import.billTypeBOCOM'), value: 'BOCOM' },
-])
+// 后端下发的账单类型（编码 + 允许的扩展名）
+const billTypes = ref<BillTypeOption[]>([])
+
+// 账单类型对应的名称文案 key（文案由前端按语言维护，新增来源未补文案时回退编码）
+const billTypeLabelKeys: Record<string, string> = {
+  ALIPAY: 'import.billTypeALIPAY',
+  WECHAT: 'import.billTypeWECHAT',
+  MEITUAN: 'import.billTypeMEITUAN',
+  CMB: 'import.billTypeCMB',
+  BOCOM: 'import.billTypeBOCOM',
+}
+
+// 账单类型选项，来源于后端
+const billTypeOptions = computed(() =>
+  billTypes.value.map((item) => ({
+    label: billTypeLabelKeys[item.code] ? t(billTypeLabelKeys[item.code]) : item.code,
+    value: item.code,
+  })),
+)
 
 /** 账单类型编码转当前语言标签，未知值回退原编码 */
 function billTypeLabel(value: string | null) {
@@ -58,6 +72,21 @@ function billTypeLabel(value: string | null) {
   return billTypeOptions.value.find((option) => option.value === value)?.label || value
 }
 
+/** 默认账单类型：取后端下发的第一个 */
+function defaultBillType(): BillType {
+  return billTypeOptions.value[0]?.value || ''
+}
+
+/** 加载后端支持的账单类型 */
+async function loadBillTypes() {
+  try {
+    const res: any = await getBillTypes()
+    billTypes.value = res.data || []
+  } catch (e) {
+    // 静默处理，账单类型下拉保持为空
+  }
+}
+
 /** 常用 IMAP 服务器候选项，选择后自动填充默认端口与 SSL */
 const imapHostOptions = computed(() => [
   { label: `${t('emailBill.imapHosts.qq')} · imap.qq.com`, value: 'imap.qq.com' },
@@ -326,7 +355,7 @@ const ruleSaving = ref(false) // 发件人规则保存状态
 
 function emptyRuleForm() {
   return {
-    name: '', enabled: true, sortOrder: 0, patternsText: '', billType: 'ALIPAY' as BillType,
+    name: '', enabled: true, sortOrder: 0, patternsText: '', billType: defaultBillType(),
     archivePassword: '', expenseCategoryId: null, incomeCategoryId: null, tagIds: [] as number[],
   }
 }
@@ -560,7 +589,7 @@ function handleDeleteMessage(row: EmailBillMessage) {
 const parseModalVisible = ref(false)
 const parseStage = ref<'select' | 'preview' | 'result'>('select')
 const parseMessageRow = ref<EmailBillMessage | null>(null)
-const parseBillType = ref<BillType>('ALIPAY')
+const parseBillType = ref<BillType>(defaultBillType())
 const parsePassword = ref('')
 const parsing = ref(false)
 const importing = ref(false)
@@ -572,7 +601,7 @@ const parseResult = ref<{ total: number; imported: number; skipped: number; fail
 function openParseModal(row: EmailBillMessage) {
   parseMessageRow.value = row
   parseStage.value = 'select'
-  parseBillType.value = (row.billType || 'ALIPAY') as BillType
+  parseBillType.value = (row.billType || defaultBillType()) as BillType
   parsePassword.value = ''
   parsedRows.value = []
   parseResult.value = null
@@ -645,7 +674,7 @@ watch(activeTab, (tab) => {
 let timer: number | null = null
 
 onMounted(async () => {
-  await loadOptions()
+  await Promise.all([loadOptions(), loadBillTypes()])
   await Promise.all([loadConfigs(), loadSenderRules(), loadMessages()])
   timer = window.setInterval(() => {
     if (activeTab.value === 'messages') {