refactor: 前端本地偏好统一为公共存储层

- 新增 frontend/src/utils/storageKeys.ts 集中维护存储键常量并登记旧键迁移
- 新增 frontend/src/utils/storage.ts 统一 localStorage/sessionStorage 读写与异常容错
- 新增 frontend/src/composables/usePreference.ts 提供 useStringPreference 响应式字符串偏好
- 新增 frontend/src/utils/transactionFilterPrefs.ts 抽出收支筛选偏好字段定义与共享读写
- 存储键统一以 finance. 前缀命名，locale、emailBill.tab、logs.tab 迁移到新键并自动迁移旧值
- 各页面与组件改用公共层，移除重复的 try/catch 与跨组件重复的序列化逻辑
- 认证凭据 token 属登录状态，保持原键名不纳入 finance. 前缀

frontend/src/components/FloatingPanel.vue

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 import { ref, watch, onBeforeUnmount, nextTick } from 'vue'
 import { NButton, NIcon } from 'naive-ui'
 import { CloseOutline } from '@vicons/ionicons5'
+import { readJson, writeJson } from '../utils/storage'
 
 /** 浮窗位置与尺寸 */
 interface PanelRect {
@@ -67,25 +68,20 @@ function clampRect() {
 /** 读取持久化的位置与尺寸，非法值回退默认并居中 */
 function loadRect() {
   if (props.storageKey) {
-    try {
-      const raw = localStorage.getItem(props.storageKey)
-      const parsed = raw ? JSON.parse(raw) : null
-      const x = Number(parsed?.x)
-      const y = Number(parsed?.y)
-      const width = Number(parsed?.width)
-      const height = Number(parsed?.height)
-      if ([x, y, width, height].every((n) => Number.isFinite(n))) {
-        rect.value = {
-          x,
-          y,
-          width: Math.max(props.minWidth, width),
-          height: Math.max(props.minHeight, height),
-        }
-        clampRect()
-        return
+    const parsed = readJson<Partial<PanelRect> | null>(props.storageKey, null)
+    const x = Number(parsed?.x)
+    const y = Number(parsed?.y)
+    const width = Number(parsed?.width)
+    const height = Number(parsed?.height)
+    if ([x, y, width, height].every((n) => Number.isFinite(n))) {
+      rect.value = {
+        x,
+        y,
+        width: Math.max(props.minWidth, width),
+        height: Math.max(props.minHeight, height),
       }
-    } catch {
-      // 忽略读取失败
+      clampRect()
+      return
     }
   }
   rect.value = defaultRect()
@@ -94,11 +90,7 @@ function loadRect() {
 /** 持久化位置与尺寸，忽略存储异常 */
 function saveRect() {
   if (!props.storageKey) return
-  try {
-    localStorage.setItem(props.storageKey, JSON.stringify(rect.value))
-  } catch {
-    // 忽略写入失败
-  }
+  writeJson(props.storageKey, rect.value)
 }
 
 // 拖拽状态

frontend/src/components/TransactionRelationEditorModal.vue

@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ import type { TransactionGroup, TransactionRelationType, TransactionGroupPayload
 import { getTransactionPage } from '../api/transaction'
 import { getAiConfig, parseRelationByAi } from '../api/ai'
 import { getChannelLabel } from '../utils/channel'
+import { readString, writeString } from '../utils/storage'
+import { STORAGE_KEYS } from '../utils/storageKeys'
 
 /** 关系类型偏好存储键（界面偏好统一以 finance. 前缀命名） */
-const RELATION_TYPE_KEY = 'finance.transaction.relationType'
+const RELATION_TYPE_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.transactionRelationType
 
 const props = defineProps<{
   /** 弹窗显示状态 */
@@ -79,21 +81,13 @@ onMounted(loadAiConfig)
 
 /** 读取上次使用的关系类型偏好，非法值或异常回退 PARENT_CHILD */
 function loadPreferredRelationType(): TransactionRelationType {
-  try {
-    const saved = localStorage.getItem(RELATION_TYPE_KEY)
-    return saved === 'PARENT_CHILD' || saved === 'SIBLING' ? saved : 'PARENT_CHILD'
-  } catch (e) {
-    return 'PARENT_CHILD'
-  }
+  const saved = readString(RELATION_TYPE_KEY)
+  return saved === 'PARENT_CHILD' || saved === 'SIBLING' ? saved : 'PARENT_CHILD'
 }
 
 /** 保存关系类型偏好，忽略存储异常 */
 function savePreferredRelationType(type: TransactionRelationType) {
-  try {
-    localStorage.setItem(RELATION_TYPE_KEY, type)
-  } catch (e) {
-    // 忽略存储异常
-  }
+  writeString(RELATION_TYPE_KEY, type)
 }
 
 /** 加载关系名称历史（按当前关系类型过滤） */

frontend/src/composables/useKeywordHistory.ts

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import type { Ref } from 'vue'
 import type { AutoCompleteOption } from 'naive-ui'
 import { NIcon } from 'naive-ui'
 import { CloseCircleOutline } from '@vicons/ionicons5'
+import { readJson, removeKey, writeJson } from '../utils/storage'
 
 /** 关键词历史配置 */
 export interface KeywordHistoryConfig {
@@ -30,15 +31,10 @@ export function useKeywordHistory(config: KeywordHistoryConfig) {
 
   /** 从 localStorage 读取历史，忽略损坏数据 */
   function load() {
-    try {
-      const raw = localStorage.getItem(storageKey)
-      const parsed = raw ? JSON.parse(raw) : []
-      history.value = Array.isArray(parsed)
-        ? parsed.filter((item) => typeof item === 'string' && item.trim()).slice(0, max)
-        : []
-    } catch {
-      history.value = []
-    }
+    const parsed = readJson<unknown>(storageKey, [])
+    history.value = Array.isArray(parsed)
+      ? parsed.filter((item) => typeof item === 'string' && item.trim()).slice(0, max)
+      : []
   }
 
   /** 记录当前关键词：去重（忽略大小写）、最新在前、上限截断 */
@@ -47,21 +43,13 @@ export function useKeywordHistory(config: KeywordHistoryConfig) {
     if (!value) return
     const rest = history.value.filter((item) => item.toLowerCase() !== value.toLowerCase())
     history.value = [value, ...rest].slice(0, max)
-    try {
-      localStorage.setItem(storageKey, JSON.stringify(history.value))
-    } catch {
-      // 忽略写入失败
-    }
+    writeJson(storageKey, history.value)
   }
 
   /** 清空历史 */
   function clear() {
     history.value = []
-    try {
-      localStorage.removeItem(storageKey)
-    } catch {
-      // 忽略删除失败
-    }
+    removeKey(storageKey)
   }
 
   // 下拉选项：按当前输入过滤，历史非空时末尾追加「清空历史」

frontend/src/composables/usePreference.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// 偏好 composable：将字符串型界面偏好封装为响应式 ref，自动读取、校验回退与持久化
+import { ref, watch } from 'vue'
+import type { Ref } from 'vue'
+import { migrateKey, readString, writeString } from '../utils/storage'
+
+/** 字符串偏好配置 */
+export interface StringPreferenceOptions {
+  /** 历史存储键，首次读取时迁移到当前键 */
+  legacyKeys?: string[]
+  /** 合法值校验，返回 false 时回退默认值 */
+  validate?: (value: string) => boolean
+}
+
+/**
+ * 管理字符串型界面偏好：初始化时迁移旧键并读取，值变化时自动写入。
+ *
+ * :param key: 当前存储键
+ * :param defaultValue: 默认值（键缺失或值非法时使用）
+ * :param options: 旧键迁移与合法值校验
+ * :returns: 与存储同步的字符串 ref
+ */
+export function useStringPreference(
+  key: string,
+  defaultValue: string,
+  options: StringPreferenceOptions = {},
+): Ref<string> {
+  const { legacyKeys = [], validate } = options
+  // 首次读取前迁移历史键，保证老用户偏好不丢失
+  legacyKeys.forEach((legacy) => migrateKey(legacy, key))
+
+  const initial = readString(key, defaultValue)
+  const value = ref<string>(validate && !validate(initial) ? defaultValue : initial)
+
+  watch(value, (next) => writeString(key, next))
+  return value
+}

frontend/src/locales/index.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 // 国际化入口：由对照消息构建各语言包，维护当前语言、持久化与 <html lang> 同步
 import { createI18n } from 'vue-i18n'
 import messages from './messages'
+import { migrateKey, readString, writeString } from '../utils/storage'
+import { LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS, STORAGE_KEYS } from '../utils/storageKeys'
 
 /** 支持的语言标识 */
 export type LocaleKey = 'zh-CN' | 'en-US' | 'ja-JP'
@@ -13,7 +15,7 @@ interface MessageLeaf {
 }
 
 // 语言偏好存储键
-const STORAGE_KEY = 'locale'
+const STORAGE_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.locale
 // 支持的语言列表
 const SUPPORTED: LocaleKey[] = ['zh-CN', 'en-US', 'ja-JP']
 
@@ -40,7 +42,9 @@ function buildLocaleMessages(node: unknown, lang: 'zh' | 'en' | 'ja'): any {
 
 /** 解析初始语言：localStorage > 浏览器语言 > 简体中文 */
 function resolveInitialLocale(): LocaleKey {
-  const saved = localStorage.getItem(STORAGE_KEY)
+  // 读取前迁移旧键 locale，保证老用户语言偏好不丢失
+  migrateKey(LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS.locale, STORAGE_KEY)
+  const saved = readString(STORAGE_KEY)
   if (saved && SUPPORTED.includes(saved as LocaleKey)) {
     return saved as LocaleKey
   }
@@ -74,7 +78,7 @@ export function getLocale(): LocaleKey {
 /** 切换语言：更新 i18n、持久化到 localStorage，并同步 <html lang> */
 export function setLocale(locale: LocaleKey) {
   i18n.global.locale.value = locale
-  localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_KEY, locale)
+  writeString(STORAGE_KEY, locale)
   document.documentElement.lang = locale
 }
 

frontend/src/router/index.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router'
 import { useUserStore } from '../store/user'
 import { useDatabaseStore } from '../store/database'
 import { useRegistrationStore } from '../store/registration'
+import { migrateKey, readString } from '../utils/storage'
+import { LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS, STORAGE_KEYS } from '../utils/storageKeys'
 
 // 创建路由实例，使用 HTML5 History 模式
 const router = createRouter({
@@ -68,7 +70,9 @@ const router = createRouter({
           // 跳转到上次访问的标签页，无记录时默认邮箱配置
           redirect: () => {
             const tabs = ['configs', 'senderRules', 'messages']
-            const saved = typeof localStorage !== 'undefined' ? localStorage.getItem('emailBill.tab') : null
+            // 读取前迁移旧键，保证老用户标签页偏好不丢失
+            migrateKey(LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS.emailBillTab, STORAGE_KEYS.emailBillTab)
+            const saved = readString(STORAGE_KEYS.emailBillTab) || null
             return `/email-bills/${saved && tabs.includes(saved) ? saved : 'configs'}`
           },
         },
@@ -92,7 +96,9 @@ const router = createRouter({
           // 跳转到上次访问的日志标签页，无记录时默认访问日志
           redirect: () => {
             const tabs = ['http', 'login', 'app']
-            const saved = typeof localStorage !== 'undefined' ? localStorage.getItem('logs.tab') : null
+            // 读取前迁移旧键，保证老用户标签页偏好不丢失
+            migrateKey(LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS.logsTab, STORAGE_KEYS.logsTab)
+            const saved = readString(STORAGE_KEYS.logsTab) || null
             return `/logs/${saved && tabs.includes(saved) ? saved : 'http'}`
           },
         },

frontend/src/store/user.ts

@@ -2,17 +2,21 @@
 import { defineStore } from 'pinia'
 import { ref } from 'vue'
 import { getUserInfo } from '../api/user'
+import { readString, removeKey, writeString } from '../utils/storage'
+
+/** 登录令牌存储键（认证凭据，不属于界面偏好，不纳入 finance. 前缀） */
+const TOKEN_KEY = 'token'
 
 export const useUserStore = defineStore('user', () => {
   // 从 localStorage 恢复 token，若不存在则为空字符串
-  const token = ref(localStorage.getItem('token') || '')
+  const token = ref(readString(TOKEN_KEY))
   const nickname = ref('') // 用户昵称
   const userId = ref<number | null>(null) // 用户 ID
 
   /** 设置 token 并持久化到 localStorage */
   function setToken(t: string) {
     token.value = t
-    localStorage.setItem('token', t)
+    writeString(TOKEN_KEY, t)
   }
 
   /** 设置用户基本信息（昵称和 ID） */
@@ -36,7 +40,7 @@ export const useUserStore = defineStore('user', () => {
     token.value = ''
     nickname.value = ''
     userId.value = null
-    localStorage.removeItem('token')
+    removeKey(TOKEN_KEY)
   }
 
   return { token, nickname, userId, setToken, setUserInfo, fetchUserInfo, logout }

frontend/src/utils/storage.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// 本地存储工具：统一 localStorage / sessionStorage 的读写与容错，避免各处重复 try/catch
+
+/** 读取字符串，键不存在或读取异常时回退 fallback */
+export function readString(key: string, fallback = ''): string {
+  try {
+    return localStorage.getItem(key) ?? fallback
+  } catch (e) {
+    return fallback
+  }
+}
+
+/** 读取 JSON，解析失败或读取异常时回退 fallback */
+export function readJson<T>(key: string, fallback: T): T {
+  try {
+    const raw = localStorage.getItem(key)
+    return raw ? (JSON.parse(raw) as T) : fallback
+  } catch (e) {
+    return fallback
+  }
+}
+
+/** 写入字符串，忽略存储异常（如隐私模式） */
+export function writeString(key: string, value: string): void {
+  try {
+    localStorage.setItem(key, value)
+  } catch (e) {
+    // 忽略写入失败
+  }
+}
+
+/** 写入 JSON，忽略存储异常 */
+export function writeJson(key: string, value: unknown): void {
+  try {
+    localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(value))
+  } catch (e) {
+    // 忽略写入失败
+  }
+}
+
+/** 删除键，忽略存储异常 */
+export function removeKey(key: string): void {
+  try {
+    localStorage.removeItem(key)
+  } catch (e) {
+    // 忽略删除失败
+  }
+}
+
+/** 读取 sessionStorage 字符串，读取异常时回退 fallback */
+export function readSessionString(key: string, fallback = ''): string {
+  try {
+    return sessionStorage.getItem(key) ?? fallback
+  } catch (e) {
+    return fallback
+  }
+}
+
+/** 写入 sessionStorage 字符串，忽略存储异常 */
+export function writeSessionString(key: string, value: string): void {
+  try {
+    sessionStorage.setItem(key, value)
+  } catch (e) {
+    // 忽略写入失败
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * 迁移历史存储键：新键不存在且旧键存在时，将旧值搬运到新键并删除旧键。
+ *
+ * :param oldKey: 历史键
+ * :param newKey: 当前键
+ */
+export function migrateKey(oldKey: string, newKey: string): void {
+  try {
+    if (localStorage.getItem(newKey) !== null) return
+    const legacy = localStorage.getItem(oldKey)
+    if (legacy === null) return
+    localStorage.setItem(newKey, legacy)
+    localStorage.removeItem(oldKey)
+  } catch (e) {
+    // 忽略迁移失败，保持旧键可用
+  }
+}

frontend/src/utils/storageKeys.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// 本地存储键常量：界面/用户偏好统一以 finance. 前缀命名，作为唯一来源供路由与各页面复用
+
+/** 当前使用的本地存储键 */
+export const STORAGE_KEYS = {
+  // 语言偏好
+  locale: 'finance.locale',
+  // 邮箱账单页标签页
+  emailBillTab: 'finance.emailBill.tab',
+  // 系统日志页标签页
+  logsTab: 'finance.logs.tab',
+  // 账单导入的账单类型
+  billImportBillType: 'finance.billImport.billType',
+  // 统计面板偏好
+  dashboardPrefs: 'finance.dashboard.prefs',
+  // 统计面板 AI 查询历史
+  dashboardAiSearchHistory: 'finance.dashboard.aiSearchHistory',
+  // 统计面板 AI 查询浮窗位置尺寸
+  dashboardAiQueryWindow: 'finance.dashboard.aiQueryWindow',
+  // 收支记录 AI 建议范围
+  transactionAiScope: 'finance.transaction.aiScope',
+  // 收支记录 AI 记账方式
+  transactionAiRecordTab: 'finance.transaction.aiRecordTab',
+  // 收支记录备注关键词历史
+  transactionRemarkHistory: 'finance.transaction.remarkHistory',
+  // 收支记录筛选偏好（收支记录页与统计面板共用）
+  transactionFilterPrefs: 'finance.transaction.filterPrefs',
+  // 账单关系类型
+  transactionRelationType: 'finance.transaction.relationType',
+  // 收支记录 AI 查询历史
+  transactionAiQueryHistory: 'finance.transaction.aiQueryHistory',
+  // 收支记录 AI 查询浮窗位置尺寸
+  transactionAiQueryWindow: 'finance.transaction.aiQueryWindow',
+  // 内容区滚动位置（sessionStorage，按路由拼接后缀）
+  scrollPrefix: 'finance.scroll.',
+} as const
+
+/** 历史遗留的存储键（未带 finance. 前缀），首次读取时迁移到新键 */
+export const LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS = {
+  locale: 'locale',
+  emailBillTab: 'emailBill.tab',
+  logsTab: 'logs.tab',
+} as const
+
+/** 生成指定路由的滚动位置存储键 */
+export function scrollKey(path: string): string {
+  return `${STORAGE_KEYS.scrollPrefix}${path}`
+}

frontend/src/utils/transactionFilterPrefs.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+// 收支记录筛选偏好：收支记录页与统计面板共用的读写与合并逻辑，字段定义与校验集中于此
+import { readJson, writeJson } from './storage'
+import { STORAGE_KEYS } from './storageKeys'
+
+/** 收支记录筛选偏好字段 */
+export interface TransactionFilterPrefs {
+  /** 类型筛选（多选） */
+  filterType: string[]
+  /** 分类筛选（多选） */
+  filterCategory: number[]
+  /** 交易渠道筛选（多选） */
+  filterChannel: string[]
+  /** 日期范围筛选（起止时间戳） */
+  filterDateRange: [number, number] | null
+  /** 计入统计筛选：null-全部，'true'-计入，'false'-不计入 */
+  filterIncludeInStats: string | null
+  /** 备注关键字搜索 */
+  filterRemark: string
+  /** 最小金额筛选 */
+  filterMinAmount: number | null
+  /** 最大金额筛选 */
+  filterMaxAmount: number | null
+  /** 每页条数 */
+  pageSize: number
+  /** 排序字段 */
+  sortValue: string
+  /** 标签筛选（多选） */
+  filterTag: number[]
+}
+
+/** 读取筛选偏好，仅返回类型合法的字段（兼容旧字段 filterPaymentMethod） */
+export function loadTransactionFilterPrefs(): Partial<TransactionFilterPrefs> {
+  const raw = readJson<Record<string, any>>(STORAGE_KEYS.transactionFilterPrefs, {})
+  const result: Partial<TransactionFilterPrefs> = {}
+  if (Array.isArray(raw.filterType)) result.filterType = raw.filterType
+  if (Array.isArray(raw.filterCategory)) result.filterCategory = raw.filterCategory
+  // 兼容旧版本以 filterPaymentMethod 存储的渠道筛选
+  const channel = Array.isArray(raw.filterChannel) ? raw.filterChannel : raw.filterPaymentMethod
+  if (Array.isArray(channel)) result.filterChannel = channel
+  if (Array.isArray(raw.filterDateRange) && raw.filterDateRange.length === 2) {
+    result.filterDateRange = raw.filterDateRange as [number, number]
+  }
+  if (raw.filterIncludeInStats === 'true' || raw.filterIncludeInStats === 'false') {
+    result.filterIncludeInStats = raw.filterIncludeInStats
+  }
+  if (typeof raw.filterRemark === 'string') result.filterRemark = raw.filterRemark
+  if (typeof raw.filterMinAmount === 'number') result.filterMinAmount = raw.filterMinAmount
+  if (typeof raw.filterMaxAmount === 'number') result.filterMaxAmount = raw.filterMaxAmount
+  if (typeof raw.pageSize === 'number') result.pageSize = raw.pageSize
+  if (typeof raw.sortValue === 'string') result.sortValue = raw.sortValue
+  if (Array.isArray(raw.filterTag)) result.filterTag = raw.filterTag
+  return result
+}
+
+/**
+ * 合并写入筛选偏好：保留未传入的既有字段（如跳转时无需改动的分页、排序）。
+ *
+ * :param patch: 需要更新的字段
+ */
+export function saveTransactionFilterPrefs(patch: Partial<TransactionFilterPrefs>): void {
+  const merged = { ...loadTransactionFilterPrefs(), ...patch }
+  writeJson(STORAGE_KEYS.transactionFilterPrefs, merged)
+}

frontend/src/views/BillImportPanel.vue

@@ -9,9 +9,11 @@ import {
 import type { UploadFileInfo } from 'naive-ui'
 import { CloudUploadOutline } from '@vicons/ionicons5'
 import { parseBill, confirmImport, getBillTypes } from '../api/transaction'
-import type { BillType, BillTypeOption, ParsedBillRow, BillImportItem } from '../api/transaction'
+import type { BillTypeOption, ParsedBillRow, BillImportItem } from '../api/transaction'
 import BillPreviewPanel from '../components/BillPreviewPanel.vue'
 import BillImportResult from '../components/BillImportResult.vue'
+import { useStringPreference } from '../composables/usePreference'
+import { STORAGE_KEYS } from '../utils/storageKeys'
 
 const emit = defineEmits<{
   (e: 'close'): void
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ const message = useMessage()
 const { t } = useI18n() // 国际化
 
 // 账单类型偏好存储键
-const BILL_TYPE_PREFS_KEY = 'finance.billImport.billType'
+const BILL_TYPE_PREFS_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.billImportBillType
 
 // 后端下发的账单类型（编码 + 允许的扩展名），组件挂载时加载
 const billTypes = ref<BillTypeOption[]>([])
@@ -58,13 +60,8 @@ const billTypeOptions = computed(() =>
   billTypes.value.map((item) => ({ label: billTypeLabel(item.code), value: item.code })),
 )
 
-/** 读取上次选择的账单类型偏好 */
-function readBillTypePref(): string {
-  return localStorage.getItem(BILL_TYPE_PREFS_KEY) || ''
-}
-
 // 当前账单类型，初始值取上次选择（个人偏好），加载后按后端列表校正
-const billType = ref<BillType>(readBillTypePref())
+const billType = useStringPreference(BILL_TYPE_PREFS_KEY, '')
 
 // 各账单类型允许上传的文件扩展名（后端扩展名 + zip 压缩包）
 const allowedExtensions = computed<Record<string, string[]>>(() => {
@@ -97,8 +94,7 @@ async function loadBillTypes() {
     const res: any = await getBillTypes()
     billTypes.value = res.data || []
     const codes = billTypes.value.map((item) => item.code)
-    const saved = readBillTypePref()
-    billType.value = codes.includes(saved) ? saved : (codes[0] || '')
+    billType.value = codes.includes(billType.value) ? billType.value : (codes[0] || '')
   } catch (e) {
     // 静默处理，账单类型下拉保持为空
   }
@@ -222,11 +218,10 @@ function handleClose() {
   emit('close')
 }
 
-// 切换账单类型时清空已选文件、记录偏好，避免文件格式与类型不匹配
-watch(billType, (value) => {
+// 切换账单类型时清空已选文件，避免文件格式与类型不匹配（偏好由 useStringPreference 自动持久化）
+watch(billType, () => {
   uploadFileList.value = []
   file.value = null
-  localStorage.setItem(BILL_TYPE_PREFS_KEY, value)
 })
 
 // 挂载时重置并加载账单类型（页面进入或弹窗打开时均会触发）

frontend/src/views/Dashboard.vue

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ import { getAiConfig, parseStatisticsByAi } from '../api/ai'
 import type { AiStatisticsResult } from '../api/ai'
 import { getChannelLabel } from '../utils/channel'
 import { renderCategoryLabel } from '../utils/render'
+import { readJson, writeJson } from '../utils/storage'
+import { STORAGE_KEYS } from '../utils/storageKeys'
+import { saveTransactionFilterPrefs } from '../utils/transactionFilterPrefs'
 import AiQueryWindow from '../components/AiQueryWindow.vue'
 
 // 图表组件异步加载：echarts 体积较大，登录后进入面板时先渲染页面骨架，
@@ -374,9 +377,6 @@ function bucketRange(key: string, gran: string): [number, number] {
   return [startOfDay(y, 0, 1), endOfDay(y, 11, 31)]
 }
 
-/** 收支记录页筛选偏好存储键（与 TransactionList 保持一致） */
-const TRANSACTION_FILTER_PREFS_KEY = 'finance.transaction.filterPrefs'
-
 /**
  * 将趋势时间桶与收支类型写入收支记录页筛选偏好，并跳转到收支记录
  *
@@ -390,25 +390,18 @@ function applyTrendNavigation(key: string, type: string | null) {
     EXCLUDED: 'false',
     ALL: null,
   }
-  try {
-    // 合并写入偏好，保留分页、排序等与本跳转无关的既有设置
-    const raw = localStorage.getItem(TRANSACTION_FILTER_PREFS_KEY)
-    const existing = raw ? JSON.parse(raw) : {}
-    localStorage.setItem(TRANSACTION_FILTER_PREFS_KEY, JSON.stringify({
-      ...existing,
-      filterType: type ? [type] : filterType.value,
-      filterCategory: filterCategory.value,
-      filterChannel: filterChannel.value,
-      filterTag: filterTag.value,
-      filterDateRange: bucketRange(key, granularity.value),
-      filterIncludeInStats: statsScopeMap[filterStatsScope.value] ?? null,
-      filterMinAmount: filterMinAmount.value,
-      filterMaxAmount: filterMaxAmount.value,
-      filterRemark: filterRemark.value.trim(),
-    }))
-  } catch (e) {
-    // 忽略写入失败，仍继续跳转
-  }
+  // 合并写入偏好，保留分页、排序等与本跳转无关的既有设置
+  saveTransactionFilterPrefs({
+    filterType: type ? [type] : filterType.value,
+    filterCategory: filterCategory.value,
+    filterChannel: filterChannel.value,
+    filterTag: filterTag.value,
+    filterDateRange: bucketRange(key, granularity.value),
+    filterIncludeInStats: statsScopeMap[filterStatsScope.value] ?? null,
+    filterMinAmount: filterMinAmount.value,
+    filterMaxAmount: filterMaxAmount.value,
+    filterRemark: filterRemark.value.trim(),
+  })
   router.push('/transactions')
 }
 
@@ -472,53 +465,46 @@ async function fetchData() {
 }
 
 /** 面板偏好存储键 */
-const DASHBOARD_PREFS_KEY = 'finance.dashboard.prefs'
+const DASHBOARD_PREFS_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.dashboardPrefs
+/** AI 查询历史与浮窗位置尺寸存储键 */
+const AI_QUERY_HISTORY_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.dashboardAiSearchHistory
+const AI_QUERY_WINDOW_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.dashboardAiQueryWindow
 let suppressRangeWatch = false // 还原偏好时跳过 rangeType 对粒度的默认覆盖
 
 /** 读取面板偏好并还原（时间范围、粒度、过滤条件） */
 function loadPrefs() {
-  try {
-    const raw = localStorage.getItem(DASHBOARD_PREFS_KEY)
-    if (!raw) return
-    const p = JSON.parse(raw)
-    suppressRangeWatch = true
-    if (['month', '3month', '12month', 'custom'].includes(p.rangeType)) rangeType.value = p.rangeType
-    if (Array.isArray(p.customRange) && p.customRange.length === 2) customRange.value = p.customRange
-    if (['INCLUDED', 'ALL', 'EXCLUDED'].includes(p.filterStatsScope)) filterStatsScope.value = p.filterStatsScope
-    if (Array.isArray(p.filterType)) filterType.value = p.filterType
-    if (Array.isArray(p.filterCategory)) filterCategory.value = p.filterCategory
-    // 兼容旧版本以 filterPaymentMethod 存储的偏好
-    const savedChannel = Array.isArray(p.filterChannel) ? p.filterChannel : p.filterPaymentMethod
-    if (Array.isArray(savedChannel)) filterChannel.value = savedChannel
-    if (Array.isArray(p.filterTag)) filterTag.value = p.filterTag
-    if (typeof p.filterMinAmount === 'number') filterMinAmount.value = p.filterMinAmount
-    if (typeof p.filterMaxAmount === 'number') filterMaxAmount.value = p.filterMaxAmount
-    if (typeof p.filterRemark === 'string') filterRemark.value = p.filterRemark
-    if (['day', 'week', 'month', 'quarter', 'year'].includes(p.granularity)) granularity.value = p.granularity
-  } catch (e) {
-    // 忽略损坏的偏好数据
-  }
+  const p = readJson<Record<string, any>>(DASHBOARD_PREFS_KEY, {})
+  suppressRangeWatch = true
+  if (['month', '3month', '12month', 'custom'].includes(p.rangeType)) rangeType.value = p.rangeType
+  if (Array.isArray(p.customRange) && p.customRange.length === 2) customRange.value = p.customRange as [number, number]
+  if (['INCLUDED', 'ALL', 'EXCLUDED'].includes(p.filterStatsScope)) filterStatsScope.value = p.filterStatsScope
+  if (Array.isArray(p.filterType)) filterType.value = p.filterType
+  if (Array.isArray(p.filterCategory)) filterCategory.value = p.filterCategory
+  // 兼容旧版本以 filterPaymentMethod 存储的偏好
+  const savedChannel = Array.isArray(p.filterChannel) ? p.filterChannel : p.filterPaymentMethod
+  if (Array.isArray(savedChannel)) filterChannel.value = savedChannel
+  if (Array.isArray(p.filterTag)) filterTag.value = p.filterTag
+  if (typeof p.filterMinAmount === 'number') filterMinAmount.value = p.filterMinAmount
+  if (typeof p.filterMaxAmount === 'number') filterMaxAmount.value = p.filterMaxAmount
+  if (typeof p.filterRemark === 'string') filterRemark.value = p.filterRemark
+  if (['day', 'week', 'month', 'quarter', 'year'].includes(p.granularity)) granularity.value = p.granularity
 }
 
 /** 保存面板偏好，下次进入自动还原 */
 function savePrefs() {
-  try {
-    localStorage.setItem(DASHBOARD_PREFS_KEY, JSON.stringify({
-      rangeType: rangeType.value,
-      customRange: customRange.value,
-      granularity: granularity.value,
-      filterStatsScope: filterStatsScope.value,
-      filterType: filterType.value,
-      filterCategory: filterCategory.value,
-      filterChannel: filterChannel.value,
-      filterTag: filterTag.value,
-      filterMinAmount: filterMinAmount.value,
-      filterMaxAmount: filterMaxAmount.value,
-      filterRemark: filterRemark.value,
-    }))
-  } catch (e) {
-    // 忽略写入失败
-  }
+  writeJson(DASHBOARD_PREFS_KEY, {
+    rangeType: rangeType.value,
+    customRange: customRange.value,
+    granularity: granularity.value,
+    filterStatsScope: filterStatsScope.value,
+    filterType: filterType.value,
+    filterCategory: filterCategory.value,
+    filterChannel: filterChannel.value,
+    filterTag: filterTag.value,
+    filterMinAmount: filterMinAmount.value,
+    filterMaxAmount: filterMaxAmount.value,
+    filterRemark: filterRemark.value,
+  })
 }
 
 /** 加载分类选项 */
@@ -897,8 +883,8 @@ onMounted(async () => {
       :placeholder="t('dashboard.aiSearchPlaceholder')"
       :examples="aiExamples"
       :loading="aiQuerying"
-      history-key="finance.dashboard.aiSearchHistory"
-      storage-key="finance.dashboard.aiQueryWindow"
+      :history-key="AI_QUERY_HISTORY_KEY"
+      :storage-key="AI_QUERY_WINDOW_KEY"
       @submit="handleAiStatistics"
     />
   </div>

frontend/src/views/EmailBillManage.vue

@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@ import { renderCategoryLabel } from '../utils/render'
 import BillPreviewPanel from '../components/BillPreviewPanel.vue'
 import BillImportResult from '../components/BillImportResult.vue'
 import { openSse } from '../utils/sse'
+import { migrateKey, writeString } from '../utils/storage'
+import { LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS, STORAGE_KEYS } from '../utils/storageKeys'
 
 const message = useMessage()
 const dialog = useDialog()
@@ -40,7 +42,9 @@ const router = useRouter()
 const MESSAGE_REFRESH_MS = 30000
 
 // 标签页偏好存储键，与路由 /email-bills 的重定向逻辑保持一致
-const EMAIL_BILL_TAB_KEY = 'emailBill.tab'
+const EMAIL_BILL_TAB_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.emailBillTab
+// 首次进入时迁移旧键，保证老用户标签页偏好不丢失
+migrateKey(LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS.emailBillTab, EMAIL_BILL_TAB_KEY)
 
 // 当前标签页取自 URL 子路径（/email-bills/configs、/senderRules、/messages）
 const activeTab = ref<string>((route.params.tab as string) || 'configs')
@@ -666,7 +670,7 @@ watch(() => route.params.tab, (tab) => {
 
 // 标签页切换：记住偏好并同步 URL 子路径
 watch(activeTab, (tab) => {
-  localStorage.setItem(EMAIL_BILL_TAB_KEY, tab)
+  writeString(EMAIL_BILL_TAB_KEY, tab)
   if ((route.params.tab as string) !== tab) {
     router.push(`/email-bills/${tab}`)
   }

frontend/src/views/Layout.vue

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ import { BarChartOutline, ListOutline, FolderOpenOutline, PricetagsOutline, Opti
 import { useUserStore } from '../store/user'
 import LocaleSwitch from '../components/LocaleSwitch.vue'
 import { getChannels } from '../api/transaction'
+import { readSessionString, writeSessionString } from '../utils/storage'
+import { scrollKey } from '../utils/storageKeys'
 
 const router = useRouter()
 const route = useRoute()
@@ -80,7 +82,6 @@ function handleLogout() {
 
 // 内容区滚动位置记忆：按路由分别记录，进入页面时自动恢复
 const contentRef = ref<InstanceType<typeof NLayoutContent> | null>(null) // 内容区滚动容器
-const SCROLL_KEY_PREFIX = 'finance.scroll.' // sessionStorage 存储键前缀
 let scrollRaf = 0 // scroll 事件的 rAF 节流句柄
 let restoreRaf = 0 // 恢复滚动位置的 rAF 轮询句柄
 
@@ -89,29 +90,16 @@ function getScrollEl(): HTMLElement | null {
   return (contentRef.value as any)?.$el ?? null
 }
 
-/** 生成指定路由的滚动位置存储键 */
-function scrollKey(path: string) {
-  return `${SCROLL_KEY_PREFIX}${path}`
-}
-
 /** 保存指定路由的滚动位置到 sessionStorage */
 function saveScroll(path: string = route.path) {
   const el = getScrollEl()
   if (!el) return
-  try {
-    sessionStorage.setItem(scrollKey(path), String(el.scrollTop))
-  } catch (e) {
-    // 忽略存储异常（如隐私模式）
-  }
+  writeSessionString(scrollKey(path), String(el.scrollTop))
 }
 
 /** 读取指定路由的滚动位置，无记录时返回 0 */
 function readScroll(path: string): number {
-  try {
-    return Number(sessionStorage.getItem(scrollKey(path))) || 0
-  } catch (e) {
-    return 0
-  }
+  return Number(readSessionString(scrollKey(path))) || 0
 }
 
 /** scroll 事件处理：rAF 节流，避免高频写入 sessionStorage */

frontend/src/views/Logs.vue

@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ import { RefreshOutline, SearchOutline } from '@vicons/ionicons5'
 import { pageHttpLogs, pageLoginLogs, getAppLog, getLogRetention, updateLogRetention } from '../api/log'
 import type { HttpLog, LoginLog, AppLog } from '../api/log'
 import { openSse } from '../utils/sse'
+import { migrateKey, writeString } from '../utils/storage'
+import { LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS, STORAGE_KEYS } from '../utils/storageKeys'
 
 const route = useRoute()
 const router = useRouter()
@@ -22,7 +24,9 @@ const { t } = useI18n()
 const activeTab = ref<string>((route.params.tab as string) || 'http')
 
 // 标签页偏好存储键，与路由 /logs 的重定向逻辑保持一致
-const LOGS_TAB_KEY = 'logs.tab'
+const LOGS_TAB_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.logsTab
+// 首次进入时迁移旧键，保证老用户标签页偏好不丢失
+migrateKey(LEGACY_STORAGE_KEYS.logsTab, LOGS_TAB_KEY)
 
 // 日志保留天数（0 表示永久保留），默认 30 天
 const logRetention = ref(30)
@@ -332,7 +336,7 @@ watch(() => route.params.tab, (tab) => {
 // 标签页切换：记住偏好、加载对应数据、同步 URL 子路径、控制实时连接
 watch(activeTab, (tab) => {
   // 保存当前标签页偏好，供下次点击「系统日志」时恢复
-  localStorage.setItem(LOGS_TAB_KEY, tab)
+  writeString(LOGS_TAB_KEY, tab)
   if (tab === 'http') {
     loadHttp()
   } else if (tab === 'login') {

frontend/src/views/TransactionList.vue

@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@ import { getTagList, createTag } from '../api/tag'
 import { getChannelLabel } from '../utils/channel'
 import { renderCategoryLabel } from '../utils/render'
 import { useKeywordHistory } from '../composables/useKeywordHistory'
+import { useStringPreference } from '../composables/usePreference'
 import { openSse } from '../utils/sse'
+import { STORAGE_KEYS } from '../utils/storageKeys'
+import { loadTransactionFilterPrefs, saveTransactionFilterPrefs } from '../utils/transactionFilterPrefs'
 import BillImportModal from './BillImportModal.vue'
 import TransactionDetailModal from '../components/TransactionDetailModal.vue'
 import TransactionRelationEditorModal from '../components/TransactionRelationEditorModal.vue'
@@ -146,34 +149,18 @@ const aiEnabled = ref(false) // AI 建议是否启用
 const aiLoading = ref(false) // AI 建议生成状态
 const aiFormLoading = ref(false) // 编辑弹窗内 AI 推荐状态
 /** AI 建议范围偏好存储键 */
-const AI_SCOPE_KEY = 'finance.transaction.aiScope'
+const AI_SCOPE_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.transactionAiScope
 
-/** 读取上次的 AI 建议范围偏好，非法值回退 BOTH */
-function loadAiScope(): string {
-  try {
-    const saved = localStorage.getItem(AI_SCOPE_KEY)
-    return saved && ['BOTH', 'CATEGORY', 'TAG'].includes(saved) ? saved : 'BOTH'
-  } catch (e) {
-    return 'BOTH'
-  }
-}
-
-const aiScope = ref(loadAiScope()) // 批量 AI 建议范围：BOTH/CATEGORY/TAG（记忆用户偏好）
+// 批量 AI 建议范围：BOTH/CATEGORY/TAG（记忆用户偏好，非法值回退 BOTH）
+const aiScope = useStringPreference(AI_SCOPE_KEY, 'BOTH', {
+  validate: (value) => ['BOTH', 'CATEGORY', 'TAG'].includes(value),
+})
 // 批量 AI 建议范围选项
 const aiScopeOptions = computed(() => [
   { label: t('ai.scope.both'), value: 'BOTH' },
   { label: t('ai.scope.category'), value: 'CATEGORY' },
   { label: t('ai.scope.tag'), value: 'TAG' },
 ])
-
-// 记住用户选择的 AI 建议范围
-watch(aiScope, (value) => {
-  try {
-    localStorage.setItem(AI_SCOPE_KEY, value)
-  } catch (e) {
-    // 忽略存储异常
-  }
-})
 const aiNewLoading = ref(false) // 编辑弹窗内 AI 生成新分类状态
 const aiNewSaving = ref(false) // 新分类保存状态
 // AI 生成但尚未保存的新分类，需用户确认后再落库
@@ -197,28 +184,16 @@ const showAiRecordModal = ref(false) // AI 记账弹窗显示状态
 const aiRecordText = ref('') // AI 记账输入
 const aiRecording = ref(false) // AI 记账解析状态
 /** AI 记账方式偏好存储键（参考邮箱页 Tab 记忆） */
-const AI_RECORD_TAB_KEY = 'finance.transaction.aiRecordTab'
+const AI_RECORD_TAB_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.transactionAiRecordTab
 
-/** 读取上次的 AI 记账方式偏好，非法值回退文字记账 */
-function loadAiRecordTab(): 'text' | 'image' {
-  try {
-    const saved = localStorage.getItem(AI_RECORD_TAB_KEY)
-    return saved === 'image' ? 'image' : 'text'
-  } catch (e) {
-    return 'text'
-  }
-}
-
-const aiRecordTab = ref<'text' | 'image'>(loadAiRecordTab()) // AI 记账方式：文字/图片（记忆用户偏好）
-
-// 记住用户选择的 AI 记账方式
-watch(aiRecordTab, (value) => {
-  try {
-    localStorage.setItem(AI_RECORD_TAB_KEY, value)
-  } catch (e) {
-    // 忽略存储异常
-  }
+// AI 记账方式：文字/图片（记忆用户偏好，非法值回退文字记账）
+const aiRecordTab = useStringPreference(AI_RECORD_TAB_KEY, 'text', {
+  validate: (value) => value === 'text' || value === 'image',
 })
+
+/** AI 查询历史与浮窗位置尺寸存储键 */
+const AI_QUERY_HISTORY_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.transactionAiQueryHistory
+const AI_QUERY_WINDOW_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.transactionAiQueryWindow
 /** 图片记账单次最多上传的图片数量 */
 const MAX_AI_RECORD_IMAGES = 5
 const aiRecordFileList = ref<UploadFileInfo[]>([]) // 图片记账上传文件列表
@@ -291,7 +266,7 @@ const filterDateRange = ref<[number, number] | null>(null) // 日期范围筛选
 const filterIncludeInStats = ref<string | null>(null) // 计入统计筛选：null-全部，'true'-计入，'false'-不计入
 const filterRemark = ref('') // 备注关键字搜索
 // 备注关键词历史存储键
-const REMARK_HISTORY_KEY = 'finance.transaction.remarkHistory'
+const REMARK_HISTORY_KEY = STORAGE_KEYS.transactionRemarkHistory
 // 备注关键词历史（最近输入，最新在前）
 const remarkHistory = useKeywordHistory({
   storageKey: REMARK_HISTORY_KEY,
@@ -359,52 +334,37 @@ const includeInStatsOptions = computed(() => [
   { label: t('transaction.includeFilter.no'), value: 'false' },
 ])
 
-/** 筛选条件偏好存储键 */
-const FILTER_PREFS_KEY = 'finance.transaction.filterPrefs'
-
 /** 从 localStorage 读取上次的筛选条件偏好并还原 */
 function loadFilterPrefs() {
-  try {
-    const raw = localStorage.getItem(FILTER_PREFS_KEY)
-    if (!raw) return
-    const p = JSON.parse(raw)
-    if (Array.isArray(p.filterType)) filterType.value = p.filterType
-    if (Array.isArray(p.filterCategory)) filterCategory.value = p.filterCategory
-    // 兼容旧版本以 filterPaymentMethod 存储的偏好
-    const savedChannel = Array.isArray(p.filterChannel) ? p.filterChannel : p.filterPaymentMethod
-    if (Array.isArray(savedChannel)) filterChannel.value = savedChannel
-    if (Array.isArray(p.filterDateRange) && p.filterDateRange.length === 2) filterDateRange.value = p.filterDateRange
-    if (p.filterIncludeInStats === 'true' || p.filterIncludeInStats === 'false') filterIncludeInStats.value = p.filterIncludeInStats
-    if (typeof p.filterRemark === 'string') filterRemark.value = p.filterRemark
-    if (typeof p.filterMinAmount === 'number') filterMinAmount.value = p.filterMinAmount
-    if (typeof p.filterMaxAmount === 'number') filterMaxAmount.value = p.filterMaxAmount
-    if (typeof p.pageSize === 'number' && pageSizes.includes(p.pageSize)) pageSize.value = p.pageSize
-    if (typeof p.sortValue === 'string' && sortOptions.value.some((o) => o.value === p.sortValue)) sortValue.value = p.sortValue
-    if (Array.isArray(p.filterTag)) filterTag.value = p.filterTag
-  } catch (e) {
-    // 忽略损坏的偏好数据
-  }
+  const p = loadTransactionFilterPrefs()
+  if (p.filterType) filterType.value = p.filterType
+  if (p.filterCategory) filterCategory.value = p.filterCategory
+  if (p.filterChannel) filterChannel.value = p.filterChannel
+  if (p.filterDateRange) filterDateRange.value = p.filterDateRange
+  if (p.filterIncludeInStats) filterIncludeInStats.value = p.filterIncludeInStats
+  if (typeof p.filterRemark === 'string') filterRemark.value = p.filterRemark
+  if (typeof p.filterMinAmount === 'number') filterMinAmount.value = p.filterMinAmount
+  if (typeof p.filterMaxAmount === 'number') filterMaxAmount.value = p.filterMaxAmount
+  if (typeof p.pageSize === 'number' && pageSizes.includes(p.pageSize)) pageSize.value = p.pageSize
+  if (typeof p.sortValue === 'string' && sortOptions.value.some((o) => o.value === p.sortValue)) sortValue.value = p.sortValue
+  if (p.filterTag) filterTag.value = p.filterTag
 }
 
 /** 将当前筛选条件写入 localStorage，下次进入自动还原 */
 function saveFilterPrefs() {
-  try {
-    localStorage.setItem(FILTER_PREFS_KEY, JSON.stringify({
-      filterType: filterType.value,
-      filterCategory: filterCategory.value,
-      filterChannel: filterChannel.value,
-      filterDateRange: filterDateRange.value,
-      filterIncludeInStats: filterIncludeInStats.value,
-      filterRemark: filterRemark.value,
-      filterMinAmount: filterMinAmount.value,
-      filterMaxAmount: filterMaxAmount.value,
-      pageSize: pageSize.value,
-      sortValue: sortValue.value,
-      filterTag: filterTag.value,
-    }))
-  } catch (e) {
-    // 忽略写入失败
-  }
+  saveTransactionFilterPrefs({
+    filterType: filterType.value,
+    filterCategory: filterCategory.value,
+    filterChannel: filterChannel.value,
+    filterDateRange: filterDateRange.value,
+    filterIncludeInStats: filterIncludeInStats.value,
+    filterRemark: filterRemark.value,
+    filterMinAmount: filterMinAmount.value,
+    filterMaxAmount: filterMaxAmount.value,
+    pageSize: pageSize.value,
+    sortValue: sortValue.value,
+    filterTag: filterTag.value,
+  })
 }
 
 // 筛选条件变化时自动保存用户偏好
@@ -2532,8 +2492,8 @@ onBeforeUnmount(() => {
       :placeholder="t('ai.query.placeholder')"
       :examples="aiQueryExamples"
       :loading="aiQuerying"
-      history-key="finance.transaction.aiQueryHistory"
-      storage-key="finance.transaction.aiQueryWindow"
+      :history-key="AI_QUERY_HISTORY_KEY"
+      :storage-key="AI_QUERY_WINDOW_KEY"
       @submit="handleAiQuery"
     />
   </div>